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Risk Assessment and Management: A Critique of Current Practices and Policy Implications

Massachusetts Institute of Technology

Risk assessment and management and their progeny risk perception and communication, pervade social dialogue and policy formulation in much of social, particularly environmental, action today. Following an introduction to the current context, the article critically examines the nature of risk relative to the policy domain. The critique suggests that the objective positivist notion of risk that dominates current dialogue has obscured the full set of concerns of the parties involved and has led to breakdowns common in risk dialogues. An alternative construction of risk based on speech act theory and social construction, particularly as adapted by Habermas, is offered along with consequent reinterpre tations of risk. The reconstruction shows a fundamental difference between the social process of assessing environmental hazards, such as chemicals and incinerators, and the individual act of assessing risk prior to taking an action. The article concludes with suggestions for improved processes to deal with "risky" propositions.

Organization & Environment, Vol. 9, No. 3, 376-404 (1996)
DOI: 10.1177/108602669600900305


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